Cataract Surgery & Treatment Iris Eye Hospital

Phacoemulsification is a modern surgical technique used for cataract removal. In order to restore vision, cataract surgery entails extracting the clouded lens from the eye and replacing it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Phacoemulsification is the most common method for cataract surgery due to its precision and effectiveness.

Procedure of Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery :

Anesthesia is given by the local anesthetic to numb the eye before surgery. To assist patients and relax throughout the surgery, moderate sedatives may also be administered. A small incision (usually around 2-3 millimeters) is made on the surface of the eye. This incision allows access for the surgical instruments. A circular hole is created in the thin membrane (capsule) that surrounds the natural lens. In order to access and remove the cataract, this step is essential. An ultrasonic probe is inserted into the eye through the incision. High-frequency sound waves released by the probe shatter the foggy lens into small pieces. These fragments are then suctioned out of the eye.

Once the cataract is removed, an artificial intraocular lens (IOL) is inserted into the empty lens capsule. The IOL replaces the natural lens and helps to restore clear vision. Usually, the little cut heals itself and doesn't need to be sewn up. In some cases, a protective shield may be placed over the eye for the initial recovery period.

Patients are usually able to go home shortly after the surgery. It's important to follow post-operative instructions provided by the surgeon, which may include using prescribed eye drops, avoiding strenuous activities, and attending follow-up appointments.

Advantages Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery :

Phacoemulsification cataract surgery offers several advantages over traditional extracapsular cataract extraction techniques :

1. Smaller Incisions : Phacoemulsification uses a smaller incision compared to extracapsular cataract surgery. This leads to faster healing times, reduced risk of infection, and less induced astigmatism.
2. Faster Recovery : Patients typically experience quicker visual recovery with phacoemulsification due to the smaller incision size and minimized trauma to the eye tissues.
3. Reduced Astigmatism : The smaller incision and better wound construction in phacoemulsification surgery leads to less induced astigmatism compared to extracapsular techniques, resulting in better visual outcomes.
4. Less Postoperative Astigmatism : Phacoemulsification allows for more precise control during surgery, reducing the likelihood of postoperative astigmatism, which can affect visual acuity.
5. Lower Risk of Complications : Phacoemulsification involves gentler manipulation of the eye tissues, reducing the risk of complications such as corneal edema, inflammation, and damage to surrounding structures.
6. Shorter Surgery Time : Phacoemulsification surgery tends to be quicker than extracapsular techniques, leading to reduced exposure time to anesthesia and overall improved patient comfort.
7. Improved Intraocular Lens (IOL) Placement : With phacoemulsification, the smaller incision allows for more accurate positioning of the intraocular lens, which can improve visual outcomes and reduce the likelihood of requiring further interventions.
8. Better Control and Precision : The phacoemulsification technique provides surgeons with better control over the emulsification of the cataractous lens, allowing for more precise removal while minimizing trauma to the surrounding tissues.
9. Less Dependence on Sutures : In many cases, phacoemulsification incisions are self-sealing, reducing the need for sutures and further simplifying the surgical process.
10. Less Postoperative Astigmatism : Phacoemulsification allows for more precise control during surgery, reducing the likelihood of postoperative astigmatism, which can affect visual acuity.

Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery is considered a safe and highly effective procedure for treating cataracts, with a high success rate in improving vision and quality of life for patients.

Care to take after the Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery :

Sure, here is a post-operative care guideline for patients who have undergone phacoemulsification cataract surgery :

1. Medication Management :
• Follow the prescribed eye drop regimen strictly. Typically, this includes antibiotics, steroids, and lubricating eye drops. These medications help prevent infection, reduce inflammation, and keep the eye moist.
• Administer the eye drops as instructed by your ophthalmologist. Typically, this involves several times a day for a few weeks post-surgery.
2. Eye Protection :
• Wear the eye shield provided by your surgeon while sleeping for the first few nights after surgery. This protects the eye from accidental rubbing or pressure during sleep.
• Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes with your hands to prevent infection or dislodging the intraocular lens (IOL).
3. Activity Restrictions :
• Avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, or bending over for at least a week post-surgery. These activities can increase intraocular pressure and hinder the healing process.
• Refrain from swimming or hot tubs until your surgeon gives the clearance, usually after a couple of weeks.
4. Eye Care :
• Do not expose your eyes to dust, dirt, or any potential contaminants. Wear sunglasses when outdoors to protect your eyes from bright sunlight, wind, and dust.
• Avoid getting water directly into your eyes, especially during showering or bathing. If water accidentally enters your eyes, gently rinse with clean water.
• Do not apply makeup or facial creams near your eyes until your surgeon advises it's safe to do so.
5. Follow-up Appointments :
• Be present for all planned follow-up consultations with your ophthalmologist.. These visits are crucial for monitoring your healing progress and ensuring that your vision is improving as expected.
• Inform your doctor immediately if you experience any unusual symptoms such as severe pain, sudden vision changes, increased redness, or discharge from the eye.
6. Dietary Restrictions :
• There are typically no specific dietary restrictions following cataract surgery. However, maintaining a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals can support overall eye health and healing.
7. Rest and Recovery :
• Allow yourself adequate rest and sleep to facilitate the healing process. Avoid straining your eyes by reading or using digital screens excessively during the initial recovery period.
8. Driving Restrictions :
• You may need to refrain from driving until your vision has sufficiently improved and your surgeon has given clearance. This usually takes a few days to a week, depending on individual healing rates and visual acuity.

Always consult your ophthalmologist if you have any concerns or questions regarding your post-operative care. Every patient's healing process may vary, and personalized advice from your healthcare provider is essential.